Free Homebuyer Inspection Checklist

EXTERIOR

Check siding and trim for cracks, rot, or peeling paint.

Ensure soil slopes away from the foundation (at least 6 inches drop over 10 feet).

Inspect driveways, walkways, and patios for large cracks or heaving.

Check fences, gates, and retaining walls for stability and rot.

Verify large trees and roots are safely away from the foundation.

ROOF

Look for missing, damaged, or curling shingles.

Check flashing around chimneys, vent pipes, and valleys for damage.

Ensure gutters and downspouts are securely attached and clear of debris.

Verify downspouts direct water far away from the foundation.

Check soffits and fascia for rot or pest damage.

FOUNDATION

Look for vertical or horizontal cracks in exterior foundation walls.

Check interior basement walls for step-crack patterns.

Ensure floors feel solid and even when walking.

Check door frames and window frames to see if they are square (not skewed).

PLUMBING

Test all faucets for adequate water pressure (hot and cold).

Flush all toilets to ensure they run smoothly and don’t rock at the base.

Look under all sinks for signs of current leaks or old water stains.

Check the age and condition of the water heater (look for rust or corrosion).

Locate and verify the main water shut-off valve is accessible.

ELECTRICAL

Check the main electrical panel for scorch marks or rust.

Test light switches in every room.

Ensure GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) outlets are installed in kitchens, bathrooms, and outdoors.

Look for exposed, un-spliced, or frayed wires in the attic or basement.

Verify there are enough outlets in each room for modern usage.

HVAC

Turn on the furnace to ensure it heats properly and doesn’t produce strong odors.

Turn on the AC to ensure it blows cold air.

Check the age of the HVAC units (typically last 15-20 years).

Look at visible ductwork for damage, rust, or loose connections.

Check when the system was last serviced (often recorded on a sticker).

INTERIOR

Open and close all windows to ensure they move smoothly and lock securely.

Check for condensation between double-pane windows (indicates a broken seal).

Open and close all interior doors; ensure they latch without rubbing.

Look for cracks in drywall, especially above doorways and windows.

Check floors and carpets for excessive wear or water damage.

ATTIC AND INSULATION

Check the underside of the roof deck for dark water stains.

Ensure adequate insulation is present and evenly distributed.

Look for signs of pests (droppings, nested materials).

Verify vents are clear and allowing air circulation to prevent mold.

BASEMENT OR CRAWLSPACE

Smell for damp, musty odors indicating moisture problems.

Look for white, powdery efflorescence on concrete walls.

Check exposed floor joists for signs of rot or termite damage.

If there is a sump pump, verify it is operational.

WATER DAMAGE

Check ceilings on the top floor for brownish circular stains.

Look around bathroom floors, especially near the tub or shower.

Check the cabinet floor beneath the kitchen sink.

Inspect baseboards for swelling or separating from the wall.

APPLIANCES

Test the stove burners and oven elements.

Run the dishwasher through a short cycle to check for leaks.

Test the garbage disposal for unusual noises or jams.

Check the refrigerator and freezer temperatures and ice maker.

SAFETY CONCERNS

Ensure smoke detectors are present in hallways and bedrooms.

Verify carbon monoxide detectors are installed near sleeping areas.

Check that staircases have secure handrails and no loose treads.

Look for potential trip hazards in walkways or uneven flooring.

QUESTIONS TO ASK THE INSPECTOR

"Is this a major structural defect or just a minor cosmetic issue?"

"How much longer do you estimate the roof and HVAC system will last?"

"If this were your house, what would you repair immediately?"

"Are there any safety hazards I need to address before moving in?"

AFTER-INSPECTION NEXT STEPS

Read the full inspection report thoroughly, looking for critical flags.

Decide which repairs to request from the seller or ask for closing credits.

Get contractor quotes for major issues found during the inspection.

Review your budget to ensure you can afford necessary immediate repairs.